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A Small-Molecule Pan-Id Antagonist Inhibits Pathologic Ocular Neovascularization.

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Id helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins (Id1-4) bind E protein bHLH transcription factors, preventing them from forming active transcription complexes that drive changes in cell states. Id proteins are primarily expressed during development to inhibit differentiation, but they become re-expressed in adult tissues in diseases of the vasculature and cancer. We show that the genetic loss of Id1/Id3 reduces ocular neovascularization in mouse models of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) a…

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Bonus recredit

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This past June, a server error led to a failure to assign bonus points to a number of work units. We corrected the error as soon as it was detected.…

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Cooperative Changes in Solvent Exposure Identify Cryptic Pockets, Switches, and Allosteric Coupling.

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Proteins are dynamic molecules that undergo conformational changes to a broad spectrum of different excited states. Unfortunately, the small populations of these states make it difficult to determine their structures or functional implications. Computer simulations are an increasingly powerful means to identify and characterize functionally relevant excited states. However, this advance has uncovered a further challenge: it can be extremely difficult to identify the most salient feature…

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Fluorinated Aromatic Monomers as Building Blocks to Control α-Peptoid Conformation and Structure.

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Peptoids are peptidomimetics of interest in the fields of drug development and biomaterials. However, obtaining stable secondary structures is challenging and designing these requires effective control of the peptoid tertiary amide cis/trans equilibrium. Herein, we report new fluorine containing aromatic monomers that can control peptoid conformation. Specifically, we demonstrate that a fluoro-pyridine group can be used to circumvent the need for monomer chirality to control the cis/tra…

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